Clinical Applications & Diagnostics
20
Terms
Term Reference
20 terms| Term | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| Abscopal Effect Abscopal Effect in Cancer | Distant tumor regression after local therapy, driven by immune activation–enhanced by checkpoint inhibitors. | |
| Biomarker Validation Clinical Biomarker Validation | The rigorous process establishing that a biomarker accurately measures what it claims and predicts clinical outcomes. | |
| Breast Cancer Breast Carcinoma | Most common cancer where HER2-HER3 dimerization and Akt activation provide functional biomarker opportunities. | |
| CAR T Cells Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells | Engineered T cells targeting tumor s–where FRET could assess CAR-target engagement. | |
| ccRCC Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma | Kidney cancer where both PKB/Akt activation and checkpoint engagement have been validated by FRET imaging. | |
| Clinical Cutpoint Clinical Cutpoint / Threshold | The validated threshold separating patients into groups with different outcomes—converts continuous measurements to cl... | |
| Clinical Utility | The gold standard for diagnostic tests—does using this test actually improve patient outcomes compared to not using it... | |
| Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Carcinoma | Third most common cancer where MSI-H predicts ICI response, but 85% are MSS and need better biomarkers. | |
| Companion Diagnostics CDx - Therapy-Gating Biomarkers | Tests determining therapy eligibility. Functional biomarkers could improve accuracy over expression-based CDx. | |
| HNSCC Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Cancers of mouth, throat, and larynx where ICI is approved but response prediction remains poor. | |
| Melanoma Cutaneous Melanoma | Skin cancer where iFRET-measured checkpoint engagement predicts immunotherapy response better than PD-L1 expression. | |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy Neoadjuvant Treatment | Pre-surgical treatment where functional biomarkers could predict pathologic complete response before surgery. | |
| NSCLC Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | Most common lung cancer where functional biomarkers could dramatically improve immunotherapy patient selection. | |
| Overall Survival Overall Survival (OS) | Time until death from any cause–the ultimate endpoint that functional biomarkers aim to predict. | |
| Patient Stratification Precision Medicine Selection | Dividing patients by molecular characteristics. Functional biomarkers enable stratification by pathway activity. | |
| pCR Pathologic Complete Response | No residual invasive cancer after neoadjuvant therapy–correlates strongly with long-term survival. | |
| Precision Medicine Precision Oncology | Tailoring treatment to individual patients–where functional biomarkers close the gap between molecular diagnostics and... | |
| RFA Radiofrequency Ablation | Heat-based tumor destruction that releases neoantigens and alters checkpoint states–validated by iFRET imaging. | |
| ROC Curve Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve | Graph plotting sensitivity vs specificity across all cutpoints. Area under curve (AUC) quantifies how well a biomarker d... | |
| Tissue Heterogeneity Tumor Heterogeneity / Spatial Heterogeneity | The spatial variation in molecular properties across a tissue sample. Different regions may have different levels of pro... |